Varicose veins in the legs and other symptoms and treatment are related to each other. It is a widespread disease of the vessels, which is accompanied by a weakening of the valve apparatus. Varicose heard everyone, and most people have an idea of how to look at the dilated vessels in the legs. But you need to know about the early signs of the disease and rules for the prevention of disease.
Why is there
Varicose disease of the lower extremities develops under the influence of versatile factors. The main causes for the pathology:
- Genetic predisposition. In congenital deficiency of the connective tissue affecting valves. They are not able to perform its function is to prevent retrograde blood flow. The result is stagnation, the vessels dilate and deform, increasing the likelihood of blood clots.
- Features of the Constitution. Excess weight and results in increased load on the veins. Vessels become weaker, lose their tone and elasticity. The probability of disease in people with excessive body weight increases by more than 33%.
- Lifestyle and nature of work. Varicose veins phenomenon is a hell of a long stay in a standing position, hell excessive exercise. In women with frequent use of high heel shoes. Causes of varicose veins include the use of tight underwear, including stockings, which leads to compression of the large veins in the groin and disruption of normal circulation of the lower limbs, lack of physical activity, sedentary work in the same position.
- The hormonal imbalance. Changes the amount of estrogen and progestogen in the blood can lead and reduce vascular tone. Provoke pathology can long use of hormonal oral contraceptives, the use of the drugs during menopause, etc.
- Pregnancy. Growing fetus causes but the compression of blood vessels, development of blood stagnation in the pelvic organs and legs.
Determining the cause of varicose veins of the legs and its elimination will help to avoid the progression of disease and development of complications.
Classification
Varicose disease of the lower extremities is found for both women and men. Characterized by progressive course, in which there are the following degrees and types of varicose veins on the legs:
- The compensation stage. During this period, the patient has no complaints of health deterioration. The initial symptoms — one or both legs in Galena visualized the dilated vessels.
- The stage subcompensation. Phenomena are complaints of pain in the legs, feeling of fullness, cramps. The legs become swollen, especially by the end of the day.
- Stage of decompensation. The patient's condition deteriorates, develop complications — dermatitis, eczema, hyperpigmentation trophic ulcer.
Varicose veins classification includes the following varieties:
- A local lesion. In the pathological process involved segmental vein. Reflux (backward reflux of blood) is missing.
- Segmental lesions. Phenomenon is abnormal discharge of blood, which is involved in the surface or communicative vein.
- A common lesion of the superficial veins with reflux. Varicose veins in men is manifested by the defeat of all superficial vessels. Most often on both feet at the same time.
- The involvement in the pathological process of deep veins.
The types of varicose veins of the lower extremities according to the international classification:
- Class 0. The absence of complaints and visible manifestations of the disease.
- Class 1. Phenomena are venous mesh, spider veins. The first complaints of health deterioration.
- Class 2. Under the skin visualized dilated blood vessels.
- Class 3. The result of the phenomenon of congestion is the swelling of the ankles and Galena.
- Class 4. In connection with circulatory problems develop signs of lipodermatosclerosis.
- Class 5. There is a lesion of the epidermis, the skin is easily injured, heals poorly.
- Class 6. Formed sores.
Symptoms and signs
The first signs of varicose veins of the legs in women — the phenomenon of the appearance of telangiectasia or spider veins. First notice them is extremely difficult because they are solitary and localized most often on the posterior surface of the tibia or below the knee. After a long stay on his feet or the use of high heel shoes occur the heaviness and slight swelling. Varicose veins in men is characterized by rapid fatigue of the legs.
Gradually mill the patient deteriorates, the symptoms of varicose blood vessels visible to the naked eye. The veins to swell, become tortuous and bumpy, things are heavy tanks. Reduced skin sensitivity. In the night time does not exclude the occurrence of seizures. Swelling is more pronounced.
Varicose veins leads to poor blood circulation, tissues are deficient of oxygen and nutrients. There trophic disorders, skin becomes smooth, shiny, pale. Signs of varicose veins men's legs are not swelling even after a long rest. Phenomenon is itching, dermatitis.
In severe varicose veins symptoms include the formation of non-healing trophic ulcers of the ankles. It threatens the accession of secondary microflora and the development of infectious-inflammatory process. Leg varicose veins often complicated by the development of thrombophlebitis — inflammation of the vascular walls. Possible local temperature rise in the field of heavy tanks, as well as low-grade fever.
Diagnosis
Varicose veins will be determined after collecting the medical history and visual examination of the patient. To clarify the stage of disease, prevalence of pathological process of the blood flow characteristics, presence of collaterals, reflux, status of the valve apparatus requires an additional examination of the patient.
With varicose veins of the lower extremities need to do:
- Duplex scanning or ultrasonic angioscanning. Gives the opportunity to image the blood vessel in all its length, to determine the presence of extension and return of blood flow, the condition of the valves.
- Ultrasound lower extremity veins using contrast material. If you have any varicose veins, venography necessary to establish obstruction of superficial or deep veins in the legs. The study is required before surgical intervention to determine the method and extent of surgery.
- CT or MRI V. e contrast. Allows to obtain a series of pictures, through which is mounted the vascular permeability, the degree of expansion, the mill valve apparatus, the presence of collaterals, etc.
Varicose veins the legs it is necessary to conduct laboratory studies to assess the rheological properties of blood and other indicators. For this you need to take:
- General analysis of blood. In the presence of inflammation increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased leukocyte count.
- Koagulogrammou test for lupus angiboust etc. Allow you to set the inclination and increased thrombosis, the coagulation state and anticoercive of the blood system.
How to treat
To treat varicose veins in men legs be complex. The therapeutic scheme is developed taking into account the stage of the disease, the prevalence of pathological process, presence of complications and other factors.
Conservative methods of treatment of varicose veins without surgery performed in the initial stages of the disease. With their help it is possible to stop the progression of disease, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, increase the tone and elasticity of veins, normalize blood circulation and prevent the development of stagnant phenomena ate.
An important role in the treatment of the disease plays the use of compression hosiery. Special hosiery provide a variable pressure along the leg, do not allow stagnation of blood, support muscles, prevents the development of edema. Dressing after a night's rest without getting up W a spoon. Knitwear is chosen individually, because each product there is a different degree of compression.
What kind of doctor treats varicose veins
Yes, the doctor should treat varicose veins on legs you need as a magician before. For this you need to know what kind of doctor treats varicose veins. So the first thing to go Yes, the district physician or family doctor. After examination, the specialist will give direction to the consultation and the doctor who treats varicose veins, it is called flebologia. It is a narrow specialist who deals with diseases of the veins.
If a specialized doctor for varicose veins in the outpatient clinic or in the hospital is absent, the treatment of all types of vascular pathology doing an angiologist or surgeon.
If necessary, surgical treatment of varicose veins should be treated and the doctor-phlebologist or vascular surgeon. In the district hospital of such problems has been a General surgeon.
How to cure drug
You can cure varicose veins without surgery only in the initial stages of the disease. This requires to use the following groups of medicines:
- Phlebotonics. Affect the condition of the vascular walls. Increase their density, reduce the fragility and permeability of capillaries, increase skin tone and elasticity, have angioprotective properties. Restore the normal flow of blood through the vessels, stimulate the flow of lymph.
- Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. Normalize the rheological properties of blood. Her thin, prevent the formation of blood clots. Used to prevent complications.
- Antioxidants. Accelerate the elimination of toxins and other harmful components from the human body. Are beneficial to the state of the hematopoietic system. This means on the basis of an extract of Ginkgo, multivitamin complexes.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs. Help relieve pain, inflammation, heaviness, bloating, swelling and other unpleasant symptoms of disease. They must be used carefully, no longer than 10-14 Zen. This is due to the fact that drugs have an adverse effect on the condition of the digestive tract, can cause an exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease. With VRV you can use them in the form of a solution for intramuscular injection, tablets for oral use and rectal suppositories.
To treat varicose veins for a long time, for several months. Binding phenomenon is the reception of phlebotonics in the summer, because at this hour, the human body, including blood vessels, is experiencing increased stress.
Effective treatment of varicose veins includes the use of ointments and gels for topical use. They need to be rubbed into the region of the pathologically dilated veins several times a day. Drugs stimulate microcirculation, activates tissue repair at the cellular level.
How to get rid of the disease by using folk remedies
Varicose veins treatment involves the use of folk remedies. You can use them as a Supplement and traditional drug therapy. They help to rid the ot of varicose veins in the short term is to stop the progression of disease and improve the health of the patient.
To treat varicose veins on the legs in women, you can use the following folk remedies:
- Compresses the tomatoes. You can use tomatoes of any degree of maturity. Some fruit stands cut the rings, put and expanded vessels and nodes, to fix. After some hours in this phenomenon appears slight burning sensation, after which a compress should be removed, and feet and rinse. To deal with varicose veins with this method you need at least 2-3 weeks.
- Lemon rubbing. Citrus fruits have a pronounced tonic effect. For the procedure you need to cut a slice of lemon and RUB into the epidermis.
- Tincture of horse chestnut. To prepare the medication, the prisoner should be crushed, put in a glass container. Yes, half fill with vodka or diluted alcohol. Tara put in a dark and cool place, periodically shake. To withstand at least 1 month. You need to take medicine for 5-10 drops 3-4 times per day. To treat varicose veins on the legs in men tincture chestnut you need for 2-4 months.
- Apple cider vinegar is 6%. The remedy tones blood vessels and strengthens their walls, helps to eliminate edema. Used for rubbing into the skin, the procedure need to do for varicose veins regularly for several weeks.
- A compress of Kalanchoe. Helps to remove small varicose veins in men. To prepare the medication you need to take a few leaves of the plant, chop and pour the diluted alcohol. Means to insist 7-10 Zen. To be used for applying compresses is a lot to put on a cotton piece of fabric, place on the area of diseased vessels, top cover with a plastic bag, wrap up and strengthened. Varicose veins for several weeks. Procedure is desirable to do at night to medication acted as a magician for longer.
Before using folk methods of treatment of varicose veins, it is necessary to agree with your doctor. Some methods can do more harm than good.
Surgery
You can cure varicose veins permanently the only way is through surgery. However, any operation is accompanied by some risks, so to go but it is desirable only when expressed changes in the blood vessels. With the help of surgical treatment will be able to completely remove the varicose veins.
Varicose veins treatment is selected based on the characteristics of the disease. Main methods:
- Laser removal. With the beam are sealed problematic veins of small diameter. They stop circulation of blood, in e hours their lumen fused. The uniqueness of the method lies in the precision of impact, the surrounding tissue is not damaged. Control is carried out using ultrasonic sensor. Procedure phenomenon is less traumatic, requires no special training, done on an outpatient basis.
- Sclerotherapy. To remove varicose veins in the lumen of the vessel introduced a special substance sclerosant. The drug causes the fusion vein, with subsequent resorption. The procedure is performed without anesthesia, its duration does not exceed 30-40 minutes. After the manipulation the patient several Zen needs to wear a special compression underwear. Sclerotherapy is effective against spider veins and spider veins, telangiectasia, dilated and knotted blood vessels, and in severe course of the disease.
- Miniphlebectomy. On the skin produced by small punctures through which clean broken vessels. The procedure is performed under local or General anesthesia. Miniphlebectomy used to fight a winding and defective veins.
What is dangerous
Vascular diseases include systemic pathologies. The defeat of the veins of the lower extremities easy to see, however, the process often spreads to other vessels. Dangerous varicose veins on the legs in women in the first place, what may go to the pelvic organs. It threatens the development of complications during pregnancy. And in this period many drugs are strictly prohibited and use.
Dangerous varicose veins on the legs in men, as the process can spread to the genitals, in particular, to lead and expand the veins of the spermatic cord. This can lead to the occurrence of male infertility.
Other complications VRV are to increase the likelihood of blood clots and blockage of blood vessels. It is possible the development of phlebitis. Dangerous disease and the formation of trophic ulcers. It is an open gate for infections, poorly healing wounds in connection with violation of blood supply to the tissues.
Prevention
To prevent the development of varicose disease of the lower extremities, you need to stay healthy from a young age. Prevention more effective than treatment of the feet with the development of complications.
To have good blood circulation, it is necessary to provide enough physical activity. If the person is at work for a long time is in the same position, you should regularly do some stretching. We must take responsibility and the choice of shoes — it should be on a small heel (not exceeding 6 cm), comfortable, does not compress the leg.
You need to watch the weight. Excessive weight phenomenon is one of the predisposing factors and the development of the disease. In addition, leads to increased strain on the blood vessels. The clothes should be from natural fabrics. Avoid using too tight underwear to avoid compression of major vessels in the perineum.
During hygienic procedures, it is desirable to use the shower, which gives the ability to change the pressure and the temperature of the water. Using these tricks you can toning blood vessels, increase the blood flow.
Preferably daily exercise or exercise. Do not have to run a few kilometers at a time, quite a pleasure to enjoy the pool, Hiking or Cycling.
Before the use of hormonal contraceptives should consult not only a gynecologist, but phlebologist, hand over analyzes on hormones. If you change the level of female hormones in the blood, it may adversely affect the condition of blood vessels.